② 出水水质好,可直接回用。出水中SS低于检测限;耐热大肠杆菌被完全除去,噬菌体数量比传统工艺出水低100~1000倍;对于重金属的去除很明显(尤其是Cu、Hg、Pb、Zn等),但其去除率取决于金属离子与污泥吸附的程度;有毒的微污染物(如杀虫剂、多环芳烃等)几乎全部吸附在污泥上,因此可与SS同时被去除。
Renze van Houten等人[12]认为较低的F/M,一方面可以使产生的剩余污泥量减少而降低了处置剩余污泥的费用,但另一方面使得污泥龄变长。较长的污泥龄有利于世代期较长的细菌生长(如硝化菌),但过长的污泥龄会使微生物产生出SMP。若大分子的SMP被截留在MBR中一方面会污染膜,另一方面SMP会吸附在气—水两相的界面上导致氧传递率的降低,而小分子的SMP则会穿过膜进入出水,导致出水水质变差。
低F/M还会使MBR中产生EPS,使混合液的粘度升高,从而导致污泥的脱水性能变差,膜过滤阻力变大。
参考文献:
[1]Van der Roest H,Leenen J,Hofstra M,et al.The dutch contribution to the MBR d evelopment in perspective[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,7-10.
[2]Sakai H,Kuriyama S,Sakata T,et al.Japanese contribution to the dutch wastewa ter treatment scene[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,32-33.
[3]Wolfgang Firk.Practical experience gained with combined activated sludge and mem brane process[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,52-53.
[4]Dieter Geenens,Van de Peer Tom,Gunther Parmentier,et al.Kickoff in flemish wastewater treatment[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,54-55.
[5]Fuchs W,Braun R,Joss A.Status and development of MBR-technology[J].H2O MBR S pecial,2001,58-59.
[6]Eli Ronen,Ilan Helbetz,Yechiel Menuchin. Applications of the MBR technology in t he middle east[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,60-61.
[7]Cindy Wallis-Lage,James L Barnard.MBR application will gain in popularity[J]. H2O MBR Special,2001,62-63.
[8]Takao Murakami.Current situation and future outlook[J].H2O MBR Special,2001 ,64.
[9]Harry Futselaar,Lute Broens,Rick Rosberg,et al.NORIT membrane technology in MBR[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,36-37.
[10]A van Bentem,D Lawrence,F Horjus,et al.MBR pilot research in Beverwijk:side studies[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,16-21.
[11]Simon Judd.The development in MBR technology[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,56-57.
[12]Renze van Houten,Herman Evenblij,Mischa Keijmel.Membrane bioreactors hit the big time-ten years of research in the Netherlands[J].H2O MBR Special,2001,26-29.(end)