Reviewof available transfer capability calculation in electricity market
LIU Hao-ming1,NIYi-xin2,WUJun-ji1,ZOUYun1
(1.Nanjing University ofScience and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;2.The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong,China)
Abstract:Inthe contextofelectricity market,availabletransfer capability(ATC)indicatesthe amount ofthefurther usabletransmission ca-pability for commercialtrading.Firstly,according to the ATCdefinition from NERC,severalimportantterms are explained,the implicationand some calculation methods of TRMand CBMare presented.Secondly,the mainfeatures of differentalgorithmsof ATCcalculation,such asLinear Power Flow(LPF),repeat power flow(RPF),continuation powerflow(CPF),optimal powerflow(OPF)and sensitivity analysismethods,are analyzed and compared.Finally,some suggestions on ATCapplication in China electricity marketare presented.
Key words:electricity market;ATC;TRM;CBM;algorithms analysis
1 引言
电力系统区域间功率输送能力计算的研究始于20世纪70年代,至今已有30年的历史。在传统的电力工业运行模式下,它主要用于评估系统互联强度及比较不同输电系统结构的优劣[1]。而在电力市场环境下,系统中往往存在着大量的频繁变化的电力交易,这使得输电系统负荷增加、环流增大、容量裕度降低,进而稳定裕度减少,电力系统的安全与稳定问题更加突出。为保证电力系统的安全运行,需要实时评估电力系统运行的安全水平。在这样的背景下,可用输电能力(ATC:Available Transfer Capability)的计算就显得十分重要,它不仅可以显示电网运行的安全与稳定裕度,从而减少阻塞发生的概率,也可以为市场参与者提供电网使用状况的详细信息,以指导他们参与市场的行为。
ATC计算方法大体上可以分为确定性的求解方法和基于概率的求解方法两大类。确定性的方法主要包括线性分布因子法(LDF:Linear Distribution Fac-tor)、重复潮流法(RPF:Repeated Power Flow)、连续潮流法(CPF:Continuation Power Flow)、最优潮流法(OPF:Optimal Power Flow)、灵敏度分析法等。另外不少文献采用概率性的方法计算ATC时,主要基于很多电力系统参数所具有的各种随机特性,因而期望在概率框架下能得到与实际情况更为接近的解。事实上,一方面这些随机不确定因素在TRM中已被计及,另一方面在求解ATC时基于概率的方法与确定性方法的基本原则是一致的,因此这里只评述确定性的求解方法。
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